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2024-T81 Drawn tubing: MIL-HDBK-5J Design Allowables

show US units (ksi, Msi, lb/in³) open the MIL-HDBK-5J tool compare against temperature find alternatives

Material class	Aluminum
Alloy / temper / form	2024 / T81 / Drawn tubing
Specifications	WW-T-700/3
Handbook	MIL-HDBK-5J, 31 January 2003, section 3.2.3.0, Table 3.2.3.0(g) (pdf page 80 of the chapter file)
Dimension bands	1
Density	2768 kg/m³

Design Mechanical and Physical Properties (room temperature)

Converted from the handbook table (ksi, Msi, lb/in³) and rounded to 4 significant figures; dimension bands in inches with mm in parentheses. Bases: A and B are statistical minimums (99 % and 90 % probability at 95 % confidence), S the specification minimum. Grain directions: L longitudinal, LT long transverse, ST short transverse.

Dimension band		0.010–0.249 in (0.254–6.325 mm)
Specification		WW-T-700/3
Basis		S
F_tu, MPa	L	455.1
F_ty, MPa	L	399.9
E, GPa		72.39
E_c, GPa		73.77
G, GPa		27.58
ν		0.33
ρ, kg/m³		2768

Effect of Temperature

Percent of the room-temperature value against temperature, digitized from the handbook figures (the shortest exposure of each figure, every 10 °F). Strength curves give the allowable at temperature; "after exposure" curves give the room-temperature property after a soak at that temperature.

Strength allowables at temperature, percent of room temperature

Moduli at temperature

Elongation and exposure effects

°C	F_tu	F_ty	F_cy	F_su	F_bru	F_bry
38	97.6	98.2	99.3	99.1	99.7	99.7
93	88.9	90.5	94.4	94	97.3	97.4
149	81.9	83.2	86.1	87.9	92.1	92.9
204	71.3	70.1	74.8	79.3
26	51.2	49.1
316	28.5	24.8
371	9.1

Factors in percent of the room-temperature allowable.

Other 2024 Tables

2024-T3 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T3 Drawn tubing (Table 3.2.3.0(g))
2024-T3 Sheet (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T3, T3510, and T3511 Extruded bar, rod, and shapes (Table 3.2.3.0(j))
2024-T351 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold-finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T351 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T351 Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T361 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold-finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T361 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T361 Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T361 Sheet (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T4 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold-finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T4 Clad coiled sheet (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T4 Coiled Sheet (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T42 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold-finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T42 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T42 Drawn tubing (Table 3.2.3.0(g))
2024-T42 Extruded bar, rod, and shapes (Table 3.2.3.0(j))
2024-T42 Flat Sheet and Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T6 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T62 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T62 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T62 Flat Sheet and Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T72 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T72 Flat Sheet and Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T81 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T81 Sheet (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T81, T8510, and T8511 Extruded bar, rod, and shapes (Table 3.2.3.0(j))
2024-T851 Bar and rod; rolled, drawn, or cold finished (Table 3.2.3.0(i))
2024-T851 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T851 Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T861 Clad flat sheet and plate (Table 3.2.3.0(e))
2024-T861 Plate (Table 3.2.3.0(b))
2024-T861 Sheet (Table 3.2.3.0(b))

Source and Use

U.S. Department of Defense (2003). Metallic Materials and Elements for Aerospace Vehicle Structures. MIL-HDBK-5J, 31 January 2003 (public domain). The values are the handbook's design allowables as extracted from the chapter tables; check the printed table before use in a certified analysis, and note that MIL-HDBK-5J was superseded by MMPDS, whose later editions may differ. No warranty is given.