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Foundations

2 tools in the Civil and Geotechnical area.

Retaining Wall and Footing

Stability of a cantilever or gravity retaining wall and bearing capacity of a spread footing in two parts chosen by a select. Wall: Rankine (sloping backfill) or Coulomb (wall friction, batter) active pressure with surcharge, a water table behind the wall and optional uplift, the weights and arms of the stem, base and backfill, factors of safety against overturning and sliding (base friction, adhesion, passive resistance), the resultant location and B/6 check, toe and heel pressures with the no-tension length, the bearing-capacity factor of safety and a section drawing with the pressure diagrams. Footing: Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Vesić and Das's general bearing-capacity equations side by side with their shape, depth and inclination factors, Meyerhof's effective area for eccentric loads, the three water-table cases, gross and net allowable pressure, the allowable load, a chart of allowable pressure against width and the elastic settlement of a flexible or rigid footing by Steinbrenner's influence factors. The defaults are Das's Examples 7.1 (cantilever wall: FS 2.98 overturning, 2.73 sliding, toe pressure 189 kN/m²) and 3.1 / 3.2 (2 m square footing: Terzaghi q_u 1,078 kN/m², general equation 1,373 kN/m²).

1 worked example reproduced, listed on the tool page.

Pile Capacity and Lateral Load

Axial resistance of a driven pile or drilled shaft in a layered soil profile by the FHWA static analysis methods (Nordlund for sand with its charts digitized from GEC 12, Tomlinson α-method for clay, the effective-stress β-method, the NAVFAC DM-7.02 and USACE EM 1110-2-2906 K tan δ methods with their limiting depths, the Meyerhof SPT method and the GEC 10 drilled-shaft β and α methods), the nominal shaft and toe resistances layer by layer, the capacity against depth, LRFD resistance factors or ASD factors of safety, uplift, group efficiency and block failure, group uplift, downdrag by the neutral-plane method, settlement by Vesić's semi-empirical and elastic methods, lateral capacity by Broms, deflection and moment by the characteristic-load method and by a finite-difference beam on an elastic foundation (constant or linearly increasing subgrade reaction) with the profiles charted, and the dynamic driving formulas (FHWA Gates, Engineering News, WSDOT, MPF12). The default is the HP 12x74 of the FHWA GEC 12 (2016) Volume III North Abutment example: Nordlund shaft resistance 344 kips at 60 ft, reproduced to the printed digits of Table D-6 at every depth.

1 worked example reproduced, listed on the tool page.

Other Civil and Geotechnical sections

Design Loads · Steel Design · Concrete Design · Soils · Timber and Masonry · Hydraulics · Surveying and Earthwork